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Unit 1
Acting Reading (1)
3
1.issue
2.opportunity
3.establishment
4.campus
5.protest
6.launch
7.prospects
8.employment
4
1.issue
2.campus
3.protests
4.establishment
5.prospects
6.employment
7.launch
8.opportunity
5
1.clashes
2.The two parties formed an allianceto respondto the problem.
3.I’ve always consideredmyself as a liberal.
4.governor
5.economy
6.The 1960s were characterized bya new type of popular music.
7.dropped out
8.For many people, listening to their music was a liberatingexperience.
9.passion
6 b, a, b, b, b, a, a, b
7d, b
Acting Reading (2)
3
1.rebel
2.era
3.destruction
4.gender
5.assert
6.philosophy
7.industrial
4
1.rebel
2.assert
3.era
4.Industrial
5.philosophy
6.gender
7.destruction
5a, a, a, a, b, a, b, b
6
1.critical
2.critical
3.critical
4.approving or critical
5.critical or approving
6.approving
7 b, b
Language in use
1
1.govern
2.Postmodernism
3.development
4.individualism
5.agreement
6.investment
7.Sexism
8.romanticism
2
1.The world has changed a lot since the 1960s, and so have universities.
2.I really enjoyed my years at university, and so did Jackie.
3.Choosing the right course is always a major problem for new students, and so is organizing one’s timeon campus.
4.I’m thinking of going to the lecture on post-colonial literature, and so is Li Ming.
5.I think the facilities in our college have improved over the last few years, and so has the teaching.
6.We can access the Internet in our student hostel, and so can everyone else on campus.
7.I’m not very interested in politics, nor are my friends.
8.I won’t be doing much tonight, nor will my roommate.
3
1.Starting out at college means meeting lots of interesting people.
2.Going to bed too late means not being able to concentrate the next day.
3.Doing a course in Lit Theory means spending a lot of time on difficult subjects.
4.Being interested in literature means having an open mind about other ways of life.
5.Protesting against the Vietnam War in the 1960s meant going out onto the streets.
6.Going to college today means spending a lot of time thinking about what you will do afterwards.
4
1.在欧洲的大学校园里，大学生以新的姿态和激情投入到争取自由和正义的事业中去，大规模的社会主义或共产主义运动引发了他们与当权者之间日益升级的暴力冲突。
2.现在，政治、社会和创造意识的觉醒似乎不是凭借大学的助力，而是冲破其阻力才发生的。当然，一点不假，高等教育仍然重要。例如，在英国，布莱尔首相几乎实现了到2010 年让50％的30 岁以下的人上大学的目标（即使愤世嫉俗的人会说，这是要把他们排除在失业统计数据之外）。
3.我从没指望通过上文学理论课来了解我这一代人的特征，或了解美国大学在如何变化。这门课是让你在课堂上扮酷的——带着一丝熬夜太多的困劲儿，穿着一件T 恤衫，上面印着“去过那儿，干过那事儿，对，这就是那件T 恤衫”，或诸如此类带有揶揄意味的俏皮话。
4.我们这一代人来自所谓的短世纪（1914－1989），生于其后期。这个世纪充满了战争和革命，它改变了人类文明，推翻了强权政府，给我们留下了非同寻常的机会和特权。我们所得到的机会与特权比从前任何一代人都要多。
5
1.Instead of resolving contradictions, the series of measures taken by the government gave rise to moreviolent clashes. The Opposition formed an alliance with the trade unions and launched a general strike,which ultimately brought about the downfall of the government.
2.Nowadays, the gap between the university and the real world is shrinking and students are becomingmore and more practical. Gone are the days when the university was an ivory tower in which scholarspursued knowledge as an end rather than a means to an end.
3.I never hoped to learn the subject well by attending those lectures. But I did go to lectures, for it was theplace where I could get the important points of the course and learn how to organize materials and howto reason.
4.Although I have been trying every means to solve the problem, I cannot work out a satisfactory solution.But when I went to the kitchen to get a drink, something clicked and made me realize that the solutionmight be quite simple.
Reading across cultures
1
1.Bologna University is about 900 years old.
2.Students paid the lecturers for their work.
3.Five students were the minimum number needed to attend a lecture.
4.The lecturer was declared absent and given a fixed fine.
5.There were a number of other reasons for a lecturer to be punished. These included: if lecturers failed tomeet the standards set out in the university statutes; if they started lectures a minute late or if they wenton beyond the approved time; if they failed to cover the syllabus according to an agreed timetable; andif they passed over a difficult subject or failed to emphasize each part of a difficult syllabus.
6.Four students were elected as spies.
7.They were obliged to report irregularities such as bad lecturing technique, failure to cover the syllabus,or absence without leave.
8.Students lost their power over lecturers by 1350 because the payment system was changed. Lecturerswere appointed and paid by the local town council.
Unit 2
Acting Reading (1)
4
9.stroke
10.crawl
11.imitate
12.pat
(a)patted
(b)imitating
(c)crawl
(d)stroking
5
10.distinct
11.Infants
12.sympathetic
13.stem from
14.trace; discipline
15.A lot of my childhood memories have faded now, but I have an overallimpression that I often felt a vague sense of distress.
6 a, a, a, a, b, b, a, a, b
Acting Reading (2)
4
8.honorable
9.drama
10.beam
11.catalog
12.volume
13.knot
14.couch
15.clip
16.mostly
5
1.honorable
2.beam
3.mostly
4.catalog
5.clip
6.knot
7.couch
8.volume
9.drama
6 b, a, a, a, b, a, a, b, b
Language in use
1
9.immigrants
10.contestants
11.vacancies
12.consultancy
13.defendant
14.hesitancy
15.attendant
16.pregnancy
17.assistant
2
9.You misunderstand it.
10.You have misplaced it.
11.It is misfortune.
12.You have made a misjudgment.
13.You have been misinformed about it.
3
7.By the time I arrived at the party, almost everyone had already left.
8.By the time children are two, they have known about 100 words.
9.By the time he realized what was happening, it had been too late to ask for help.
10.By the time I finally got my degree, mostof my friends alreadyhad jobs.
11.By the time they leave primaryschool, children have learnt a lot ofuseful skills.
12.By the time Courtney finished writing the essay, the deadline had already passed.
4
5.The old man shouted at me, as if / as though it were me who had made the mistake.
6.The girl started crying, as if / as though it were she who had fallen over.
7.Lucy stood at the door welcoming everyone, as if /as though it were her party.
8.Sylvia closed the door of David’s room, as if / as though it were him that was making the noise.
5
1.这种所谓的运动神经模仿就是“同感”的原始技术含义，而“同感”这个词于20世纪20年代由美国心理学家E.B.铁钦纳首次使用。铁钦纳的理论是：同感发自对他人痛苦的一种身体模仿，这种模仿继而在自身引起同样的心理感受。
2.他当时在寻找一个与同情有所区别的词；同情是针对他人的一般困境而发的，无须分担他人的任何感受。小孩两岁半左右就渐渐不再有运动神经模仿行为，那时他们会意识到别人的痛苦与自己的不同，会更有能力安慰别人。
3.我也喜欢生人脸上那瞬间的震惊表情、匆忙的微笑和他们竭力装出的“正常脸色”。如果他们这套仪式做得够好，我就会微微转过头，把头发掖到离他们较近的那只耳朵后面。
4.我告诉他说：“我基本上只读唇语，因为这比用手语更容易，但这不是我一直盯着你的嘴唇的唯一原因。”他大笑起来。我们又说了一会儿话。后来，主人放大音乐的音量，调暗“舞池”的灯光；我不得不凑近他，近得多得多，以便能在昏暗中接着读他的唇语。我的确读到了他的唇语。
6
1.The moment I saw those old photos in the drawer, tears welled up in my eyes, for my memory wentback to the days when I lived happily with my grandparents, my parents and my brothers and sisters.
2.When a student slipped on a pool of water and fell over, people’s reaction diverged from one another.Some approached caringly to see if he was hurt and if they could help; some just stood there confusingover what to do about it; while others just tuned out.
3.Last Saturday morning, I did the usual and went shopping in the supermarket. When I was about to openthe door of my car, I found that I did not have my wallet on me. I could do nothing but go back home insearch of it, but I failed to find it anywhere.
4.When I was a second grader, one of my classmates got a red radio-controlled toy car as a birthday gift.The rest of us could only admire, but could not imitate, because the car was expensive and was boughtin Hong Kong, a place which seemed to us as far away as New York at that time.
Unit 3
Acting Reading (1)
4
1.fraud
2.precaution
3.deception
4.trash
5.household
6.overnight
5
16.obviously
17.online
18.log off
19.commonplace
20.forge
6 b, b, a, a, a, a, b, b, a
Acting Reading (2)
4
17.instance
18.widely
19.commerce
20.offensive
21.weapon
22.current
23.extract
5a, b, b, a, a, a, a, a
Language in use
1 b
2 b, a, b, b, b, a
3
1.I make a lot of mistakes
2.Iwaste a lot of time chatting to people about nothing
3.Ialways start it too late
4.Ispend too much time on the phone instead of talking to them
5.Iam useless in class the next day
6.Ispend far too much money
4 b, b, a, b, a, b, b, a, b, b
5
1.这是2002年的电影《有种来抓我》的剧情简介。影片讲述了小弗兰克·阿巴格纳尔（莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥饰演）的故事。影片主人公是一位聪明绝顶的年轻骗术大师，曾在不同时间扮演医生、律师和飞行员的角色，在26个国家伪造了价值600万美元以上的支票。他成了联邦调查局有史以来伪造罪头号通缉令名单上最年轻的通缉犯。
2.2003年以来，身份盗窃案变得越来越常见。很少有人会想象到，为了预防这种改变人生的犯罪，采取一些预防措施有多么重要，比如把邮件拿到邮局去寄而不是丢在信箱里等人来取、把文件切碎而不是直接把它们连同垃圾一道扔出去，甚至使用几美元一支的（特效）笔等等。
3.假如说我们从恐怖分子那里——更不用说从动作电影那里——学到了一招，那就是，工具也是武器。全球通用的信用卡和支持它们的数据库是去除商业摩擦的工具。换句话说，它们是以让各方最省事的方式从人们那里取钱的工具。
4.无论通用身份的前景如何，我们尚不知道该如何应付这样一个世界：无论我身在何处，一切都可能与我有关联。一方面，这个世界给我们提供了无可置疑的种种方便；另一方面，我们又面对着所有这些强化组合的信息（如果是合理的强化组合该多好啊）所带来的种种危险。这种危险虽然模糊，但显然离我们很近。我们尚不知如何在两者之间保持平衡。
6
5.These are important documents, the content of which should be kept strictly confidential. If you need todispose of them, you must shred them or tear them up instead of throwing them out with the trash.
6.Nowadays, white-collar crimes such as forging checks, ID cards and credit cards have become verycommon. Though we have learnt much about how to prevent ourselves from being cheated, it seemsthat we could be its victims at any time.
7.It has been several months since the earthquake. Life has returned to normal, and people are busy goingabout their business. But there is no escaping the fact that the mental trauma the earthquake brought topeople will never be wiped out.
8.Why does it matter that a library has many new books and electronic resources readily available to thereaders? This is because if so, the scholars know the latest development in their own fields and knowwhether their research is valuable.
Unit 4
Acting Reading (1)
4
1.No,it is made more exciting in some way.
2.A very long time, centuries.
3.They should follow the guidelines.
4.They should check the source.
5.They live in poverty.
6.It is image.
7.It is element.
5
1.Chase
2.Trainee
3.Erode
4.Odd
5.Horror
6.Startle
7.Echo
8.Reaction
9.Frame
6
1.reactions; horror
2.chase
3.echoes
4.startled
5.trainees
6.eroded
7.oddest
8.frame
7a, b, a, b, b, a
Acting Reading (2)
2
1.More and more readers are turningto the Internet for news.
2.20 or more years ago.
3.19 per cent.
4.700.
5.By closing down its foreign news bureaux.
6.The pages have become smaller.
7.Four billion.
8.Sunday.
9.Lifestyle journalism.
3
1.assignment
2.editorial
3.revenue
4.close down
5.survey
6.rely on
7.feedback
8.bureau
4assignment; bureau; rely on; feedback; surveys; editorial; revenue
5
1.capture
2.established; Nevertheless
3.estates
4.integrity
5.compact; Moreover
6.journalism
6 b; a; a; b; b; a; a; a; b
7a; a; b; b; a; b
Language in use
1
1.downtown
2.download
3.downgrade
4.downstairs
5.downmarket
6.downturn
2
1.go down
2.turned me down
3.run down
4.stand down
5.go down
6.handed down
7.broughtdown
8.broke down
3
1.The late-night edition of the paper was bought by a lot of people interested in the result of the match.
2.The princess was followed across the town by photographers determined to get a photo of her.
3.The programme was watched by millions of people hoping to win the star prize.
4.The alarm was set off by two children startled to hear a noise in the back room.
5.The police were contacted by one of the boys’mothers worried that he might have got lost.
6.The front-page headlines were changed by the editor hoping to be the first to break the news.
7.Online editionsof the newspapers are being read by more and more people not wanting to buy the traditionaledition.
4
1.So odd was the newsreader’s accent that Icouldn’t understand what she was saying.
2.So incredibly bad was the language on that programme that I switched off the TV.
3.So exaggerated was the story that it had to be completely rewritten.
4.So careless was one of the trainees that he left his notebook at the scene of the crime
5.So great was the distance from one region to the next that we had to ravel by plane.
6.So slow were Frank’s reactions that he wasn’t able to avoid hitting the car in front.
5
1.一个事件光有客观重要性显然还不够——世界上有大量全球性的大问题，都会造成戏剧性的后果，从贫穷问题到全球变暖问题——但由于它们都是进行中的，并不都会在同一天成为头条。对比之下，9/11不仅具有国际性，而且奇特怪异、出人意料，还（可能使读者对身陷那场悲剧中的人们的痛苦感同身受，从这个意义上讲）极具人性。
2.但是，电视新闻未必比报纸报道更客观或更可靠，因为你在屏幕上看到的图像是经过记者或编辑根据特殊的目的，或至少是按照指示筛选过的；它们是从一个独特的视点展现给观众的。如果把摄像机移到别的地方，你就会看到另一番景象。
3.互联网为任何有意见的人提供了一个便利的窗口；报纸编辑最喜欢的莫过于给它们提供各种不同的反馈和意见，他们能从中得到安慰。如今十几岁的少年已不记得曾经没有互联网的日子了；只有在写关于印刷新闻这一特定媒体的作业时他们才去读报。
4.如此看来，报纸是不会轻易消失的。未来报纸发展的趋势包括对本地新闻需求的日益增长，而始于20世纪80年代后期的对生活方式新闻的持续开发利用——尤其在个人理财和旅游方面——将会创造新的收入来源。
6
1.So sudden, so striking was the news that I sat motionless on sofa for a few minutes. My first instinct was to call our leaders to tell them what had happenedand see what we could do for those colleagues who died or got injured in this traffic accident.
2.Paper books for children have an enormous advantageover e-books. For children, a beautifully printed paper book is not only a book but also a toy they can play with. Reading a paper book is rather different from reading a book on the screen.
3.In recent years, traditionalmedia are in the tendency of decline and new media are developing rapidly. However, thisdoes not necessarily mean that traditional media have lost the market. When it comes to reading things like news, peopleare still used to such traditionalmedia as newspaper.
4.With the explosion of the financial crisis, many enterprises find themselves in difficulties. For those who have no circulating fund to invest in new productionand would not let the vicious circle continue, the only thing they can do is turn to government for help.
Reading across cultures
1
1.The total number of copies has continued to rise by about one per cent per year.
2.440 million in 2006.
3.70 per cent.
4.Online articles.
5.Size.
Unit 5
Acting Reading (1)
4
8.military
9.bloodshed
10.combat
11.mission
12.heroic
13.commander
5
10.commander
11.combat
12.mission
13.heroic
14.military
15.bloodshed
6
9.primarily
10.reveal
11.insane
12.specifies
13.immediate
14.comic
7a, a,b,b,b,b
Acting Reading (2)
2
b, c, d, d, a, d
3
9.fate
10.confine
11.cruelty
12.survivor
13.emigrate
14.evil
15.badge
16.invade
17.refugee
4
24.evils
25.cruelty
26.emigrate
27.refugees
28.invaded
29.badges
30.confined
31.fate
32.survivors
5
7.moody
8.considerable
9.concealed
10.publication
11.recognition
12.childish
13.displayed
14.ideals
15.humanity
6 b; b; a; b; a
Language in use
1
7.underwater
8.update
9.underestimate
10.uphill
11.underpants
12.upgrade
13.upright
14.Underground
2
9.Can you text mewhen you arrive?
10.I would like to videothisscene.
11.Samantha is bussedto school every morning.
12.How can I accessyour account withoutthe password?
13.About 100 people moved crowded into the waiting room.
14.I’ve already mailedyou my reply.
15.That’s a lot of money you’ve got there. I think youshould bankit.
16.Scientists have succeeded in mappingthe human genome.
3
8.The day will come when he will be able to speak fluent English.
9.The time will come when you’ll both have to get a job.
10.There will come a day when you will have a chance to write about the experience.
11.Perhaps the day will come when I will understand.
4
7.If it’s very cold here, what must it be like in Scotland?
8.If houses are expensive in this part of country, what must they be like in Paris?
9.If the reading list is rather long in the first year, what must it be like in the second year?
10.If incomes are very low here, what must they havebeen like a hundred years ago?
11.If the rules are completely crazy in peacetime, what must they have been like during wartime?
12.If life is hard now, what must it have been like during the Middle Ages?
5
5.那是个粗鲁的玩笑，可是达尼卡大夫并没有笑，直到约萨里安又执行了一次任务之后，再次来求他要求停飞——尽管这没有任何指望。达尼卡大夫窃笑了一下，很快又沉浸到他自己的麻烦中去了，这包括怀特·哈夫特指挥官那天早上一直在向他挑战，要和他比印度式摔跤，而约萨里安则恰恰在彼时彼地决定要发疯。
6.只有一个诡局，那就是第二十二条军规，它规定：在面对真正的、紧迫的危险时考虑到自身安全是理智的思维过程。奥尔疯了，因此可以停飞。他只须提出请求；而一旦他提出请求，他就不再是疯子，就得去执行更多的飞行任务。
7.我们的许多犹太朋友和熟人都被成群地带走了。盖世太保对他们非常粗暴，用运牲口的拖车把他们运送到德伦特最大的集中营威斯特伯克，他么把所有犹太人都遣送到那里。…如果在荷兰都这么糟，那么在德国人送他们去的那些遥远的蛮荒之地又会是什么样呢？
8.它传来的是一个孤独少女的声音，她为自己写作，但同时也是所有无辜受邪恶迫害者的呐喊，他们的命运就是在第二次世界大战期间受难。这就是安妮·弗兰克的日记被誉为犹太人大屠杀（其间有六百万犹太人被杀害）之声的原因：她的话代表了全人类的心声。
6
5.Though they came across many difficulties, under his leadership they successfully found a market for their products, and the overall situation was changing for the better. In recognitionof his outstanding contributions, the company decided to give him a flat as an award.
6.When John challenged him to fencing, he was very embarrassed because he knew that he was no match for John at it. If he took the challenge, he would surely lose; but if he didn’t, he would be a coward.
7.He caught a cold yesterday. Assuming that he would get better after a good night’s sleep, we sent him to school this morning. But later in the afternoon, he got back home with a fever and was confined to bed.
8.In the past few years, I have had several severe illnesses and lived in a state of poverty, but I have never abandoned my dreams. In spite of everything I clung to my dreams, which have turned out to be a great support and comfort to me.
Reading across cultures
1
6.It’s on November 11th.
7.It is called VeteransDay in the United States and Armistice Day in France.
8.It begins at 11 o’clock.
9.The war dead; those who have fallen in recentwars are also remembered on the day.
10.The Great War is sometimes used.
11.More than half a million of Canadians fought in Europe during the war.
12.65,000 of them lost their lives.
13.It is a symbol of the Great War.
Unit 6
Acting Reading (1)
4
14.exhausted
15.roar
16.stretch
17.boost
18.strain
19.inner self
20.composed
5
16.set off
17.lead up to
18.miss out
19.pull away
20.keep up with
21.fight back
22.shut out
23.count down
6 a, a, b, b, b, a, a, a, b
7
1.
lThe writer creates an atmosphere to show that she was very tense and nervous (dry mouth, heat beating), but at the same time she was excited and energetic (heart beating, adrenaline pumping) before her race.
l“Burning legs”give readers a feeling of pain, struggling, exhaustion and possibly a fear of losing the race (because of the opening gap).
lThe word “tingle”spreads the effect to readers that they could feel her feeling of excitement, achievement and victory through a feel of pain all over her body.
lThe three quotes also show the writers’feelings during three stages of the race: tense and excited (before the race); struggling and fearful (during the race) and victorious (in the end).
2. They highlight the key messages which she kept telling herself, the messages which helped her win. She invites readers to see her inner thoughts with this simple and factual information: two minutes, one more lap towards being the Olympic champion.
3. This shows that she could not believe that she had actually realized her childhood dream. She was in a momentarystate of doubt, doubting herself, which is natural when something really important and significant happens to you.
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1.Yes, particularly she is good at describing her feelings through using how different body parts react andsense the emotions:
•deafening noises, heart beating loudly, shouts of encouragement, cries of hope, roar of the crowd,
clapping and shouting with delight (sounds);
•pumping adrenaline, a tingle through the whole of my body, bandaged ankle, burning legs, thoughtsof pain (feelings in the body);
•lifted spirits, mental stamina, inner self, I thought I had, keep negative thoughts from my mind,smiled, still not sure (internal thoughts and reactions);
•the sea of faces, arms aloft, fists clenched (body actions).
She is also successful in using a string of emotional adjectives and adverbs to describe her feelings andsurroundings which stimulated her feelings:
•illuminated, deafening, tantalisingly, loudly, fantastic, completely exhilarating, terrifying, composed,unified, vocal, emotional and physical, gruelling, exhausted, not sure, relief, calm.
2.They must have been extremely excited and proud that she had won. This is reflected through theirshouting, loud cheering, and waving flags to support her.
Talking point
1. c; 2. a, c; 3. a; 4. b; 5. c; 6. a; 7. b
Acting Reading (2)
3 4, 5, 6, 7, 9
4
33.illustration
34.precision
35.strategy
36.interpretation
37.soar
38.moan
39.flock
40.punch
41.priority
5a, b, b, b, b, a, a, a, b
6
striker
shooter
chorus
referee
7
1 the outsider’s view
The writer talks about the “mystery” of injury time and “something called” the offside rule; an insider,or even someone who just watches football games occasionally on TV, would know very well whatthese are. As he says, he “has no clue what’s going on”.
2words related to chance, accident and confusion
•Words related to chance: a game of chance, it’sa matter of luck, the chance nature of this game, theball happens to be aimed about right, it’ssheer luck
•Words related to accident: it looks like an accident, accidentally bouncing off random players, takesfull credit for this accident, seem so out of control
•Words related to confusion: I will have no clue what’sgoing on, a scene of sheer chaos, the chaosresumes, strategies and regulations are so obscure, the mystery of injury time, this leaves everyoneperplexed, at a loss for words, The mystery remains
3 choice of words and phrases for humorous effect
men in shorts running around madly trying to kick the ball and tripping over each other, which is not thebest use of the cranium, accidentally bouncing off random players, slips through the forest of hairy legs,God never meant for most of us to control a ball with our feet …, his phoney-baloney injury, keeping 22hopped-up athletes in line
8
1.main idea
2.main idea
3.main idea
4.example
5.example
6.main idea
7.example
8.example
Language in use
1 b, b, a, d, a, d, a
2 a, c, b, e, d
3 a, a, b, b, b, a, a, a
5
9.当夜幕降临悉尼时，雨夜开始悄悄地从夜空飘落。几百盏灯把澳大利亚体育场照得灯火通明，场内的声音震耳欲聋。走向跑道时我看了一眼四周看台上无数的脸，但我的注意力还是很集中。再过几分钟奥运金牌的归属就要见分晓了，它悬挂在远处，很诱人。
10.我知道自己会全力以赴，拼尽全力跑完全程。我感觉自己已经进入最佳状态。我只要跑两圈就行了，就两圈。跑完这两圈，过去两天以及28年来所有情感和身体上的辛苦付出就将被胜利或者失败所淹没。这一跑真是生死攸关。
11.我知道，如果一个人不是从小就接触某项外来的运动，他就很难对它感兴趣。现在我正遭遇同样的文化壁垒。6月9号世界杯足球赛就要开始了，而我对球员在“球场”上干些什么却一无所知。看起来这是给这个所谓的精彩赛事揭短的一次大好机会。
12.时不时地会有球员脸上挨了一肘，躺在草地上痛苦地翻腾。这时会暂停计时，几个提着黑包的小个子男人会跑过来按摩他那假装、胡说的受伤部位，然后他又活蹦乱跳地站起来。那位肘击他的球员会得到一张叫“黄牌”的东西：一种温和的惩戒。
6
9.He cried his heart out when he heard that he was not in the list of the school team. After all, he had gone through months of hard training and gruelingcompetition, and had learned how to shoot with great skill and accuracy.
10.The coach, who was known for his strictness, had meant from the very startfor all the players to shut out all the distracting thoughts and push themselvesbeyond their limits to ensure that they win a medalat the 29thOlympic Games held in Beijing.
11.Since after he took over the team, the new coach has always borne in mind his mission and finallymade it to the championship of the league matches. When interviewed, the coach was at a loss for words because of excitement.
12.Football is an amazing sport. Despite the fact that most finals are 0-0, 1-0 or 2-1, people keep flocking to see football fames. For me, it remains a mystery what is so attracting aboutfootball.
Reading across cultures
1
14.There are three: baseball, (American) football and basketball
15.Baseball is a relaxed, leisurely spectator sport; football is more violent, with a contemporary appeal; basketball-in the cities-is a way of life.
16.It involves strategies and the fans become generals planning troop movement (because there is a large number of “set-piece”strategies with playersall following practicedmoves according to instructions, so fans knowing some of these can pretend they are general, like the team coach.
17.It gives the impression of being busy and active, but you can be lazy and watch it.
18.They are country club sports: You have to pay membership fees to join golf and tennis clubs.
19.Middle Americans (those who live in the central States) love the noise, the violence and the danger of the cars.
20.The small town kids learn to shoot with great skill and accuracy; city kids develop “the moves”(they learnmore intricate aspects because they live the game).
21.Becausein a gang the kids conform to ideasabout manhoodand identity, and they also do this with basketball.
Unit 7
Acting Reading (1)
4
21.magnificent
22.leap
23.penetrate
24.approximate
25.motion
26.lick
27.giant
28.paw
29.layer
5
24.(b)
25.(a)
26.(a)
27.(a)
28.(b)
29.(b)
30.(b)
31.(b)
32.(a)
6 d, b, a, d, c
7
1.The dog was gentle and not aggressive.
2.The writer was vulnerable to intruders or attackers.
3.Hogahn was playing with a branch and having fun.
4.We can assume that Soren is her son who doesn’t yet have any children.
5.Because it showed they had shared a dramatic / important experience e together.
Talking point
1.c; 2. b; 3. a; 4. c; 5. a; 6. b; 7. b; 8. b
Acting Reading (2)
2 d, a, b, c, d, a, c, d
3 2
4
42.evolve
43.tunnel
44.repeatedly
45.filter
46.capable
47.pendulum
48.uncover
49.attribute
5
1.indications
2.investigate
3.hint
4.reproduce
5.compelling
6 a, a, a, b, a, b, b, a, a
7 a, b, b, a, b, a, a, a, b
Language in use
1 a
2
1.Scientists used to believe that animals were like machines programmed to react to stimuli, in otherwords, they were not considered capable of feeling or thinking, and certainly not of understandingabstract concepts.
2.Our perceptions of animals are filtered through our own human understanding of the world, in otherwords, we often project human feelings and thoughts onto other creatures.
3.In his book The Descent of Man, published in 1871, he questioned whether higher mental abilities such as self-consciousness and memory were limited to human beings, in other words, Darwin speculated that human and non-human minds aren’t all that different.
3
1.Soren said if a burglar came, Hogahn would go so far as to lick him.
2.Hogahn was so protective that he went so far as to bark at anyone who came near the house.
3.I went so far as to think of Hogahn as my first grandchild.
4.In the past scientists went so far as to believe that animals were not capable of feeling or thinking.
5.Darwin went so far as to argue that animals face the same challenges and have the same basic needs ashumans.
6.Scientists now go so far as to ask if animals have feelings and intelligence, should it affect the way wetreat them?
4
1.flock
2.swarm
3.herd
4.herds
5.school
6.army
7.bunch
5
13.animal lover
14.human body
15.abstract reasoning
16.animalinstinct
17.humannature
18.abstract concepts
6
1.我以前也经常这样为他扔木头。根据木头的不同重量和我动作的大小，我知道它们大概能飞多远。但这块木头赶上了一阵疾风，朝着床单想去的方向飞过了院子，越过了围栏，最后以溜冰高手般的优美动作滑进湖水里。
2.接下来的一瞬间我已经站在水里，霍根用前爪破冰朝我游过来。一路上冰块的侵扰似乎让他受了些惊吓，但他绝对能控制得住自己。我尽量向前趟，直到我的双脚陷进湖底的烂泥，冰冷的湖水浸透了我的夹克。我站在那儿等着。
3.它会认人、选择食物、识别道路。但这是否意味着它有思维能力呢？如果有的话，又如何证实呢？我们对动物的认知是经过过滤的，是建立在人类对世界的理解的基础上的，我们常常把人类的情感和思想投射到其他动物身上。
4.许多20世纪的科学家轻视这些发现，认为它们不可靠，这是受了拟人说的影响，即根据人的特征来判断动物。但是，现在舆论的天平已经不再向那些认为动物像机器一样没有智慧的观点倾斜了，而是向达尔文的观点倾斜。大范围的动物研究表明：智慧之根在动物界的分布既深又广，变化多端。
7
1.The burglars were throwing the stolen items to the pickup and were just about to drive away when theguards watching over the living quarters found them and called the police.
2.The three soldiers had walked with difficulty through the woods for a whole day, trying to navigate tothe east bank of the river, only to find that they had been circling in the woods and were still dozens ofmiles short of their destination.
3.It seems to me that the scholar who talked about animal intelligence this morning has obviously overestimatedthe animal intelligence. She went so far as to suggest that chimpanzees can communicate withhumans through computers.
4.As volunteers, what we need to do is not just limited to smiling to those who come to us for informationand help. We must also learn skills for cross-cultural communication, without which our performancecannot be satisfactory.
Reading across cultures
1
22.Adog in the manger
23.Killing the goose that laid the golden egg
24.Awolf in sheep’s clothing
2
1.Generally he used stories about animals to make a point about people; each story has its own particularpoint.
2.In stories for children, because they usually have an educational point.
3.So that he could get near the sheep and catch and eat the lambs.
4.He managed to catch and eat many lambs before the farmer noticed.
5.He felt tired in the afternoon.
6.The ox gave up and went away hungry.
7.He found an egg of pure gold.
8.He thought he could get all of the gold at once.
